Recently, upholding the concept, by reference to the State or in general, has become a ground of major contention among international lawyers and theorists while some argue that the concept of sovereignty, or at least of State sovereignty is obsolete and should be abandoned in favour of new concepts of supranational or transnational political organization through which the current sharing, limiting, and parcelling of authority can be better explained, others see new forms of political authority and integration beyond the State, such as the European Union (‘EU’) for instance, and their inherent limitations as a confirmation or at least a development of the concept of sovereignty or even of State sovereignty (see also European Union, Historical Evolution).Ĥ As a matter of fact, because of its essentially contestable nature, the concept has been remarkably resilient both epistemically and normatively, and its pregnancy in contemporary legal discourse has not been undermined but rather increased by controversy. 2 (4) and (7) UN Charter), but also their equal rank to other sovereign States are consequences of their sovereignty.ģ Curiously for such a pivotal concept, but maybe precisely because it is such, its meaning has been changing across historical and political contexts and has also been heavily contested at any given time and space. Provided States have supreme authority within their territory, the plenitude of internal jurisdiction, their immunity from other States’ own jurisdiction and their freedom from other States’ intervention on their territory ( Art. 2 (1) UN Charter ( States, Sovereign Equality). The 1945 United Nations (UN) system itself is based, albeit not directly on the principle of sovereignty itself, on a necessary corollary of that principle: the principle of sovereign equality of its Member States as guaranteed in Art. What counts as sovereignty depends on the nature and structure of the international legal order and vice-versa.Ģ Most of the other, if not all institutions and principles of international law rely, directly or indirectly, on State sovereignty it suffices to mention, for instance, the relationship between the conditions and attributes of statehood or the principles of territorial or personal jurisdiction, immunity, and non-intervention, on the one hand, and considerations of sovereignty, on the other. Middle Eastern Organizations/Institutionsġ The principle of sovereignty, ie of supreme authority within a territory, is a pivotal principle of modern international law.International Organizations/Institutions.Use of force, war, peace and neutrality.Statehood, jurisdiction of states, organs of states.Sources, foundations and principles of international law.Relationship between international and domestic law.International law and international relations.International instruments and materials.
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